Madame du Châtelet, French mathematician, physicist, and author during the Age of Enlightenment, is the author of a devastating commentary called Examens de la Bible which deals with the Old and the New Testament, written around 1742. Until know this commentary remained unknown. Even Voltaire did not dare to make it public. This study publishes for the first time the Examens de la Bible. Everyone interested in the Bible as a religious or literary text should this critical piece of writing.